4种典型滨海植物的耐盐能力          下载免费PDF全文

杜运领  陈玉珍  钱爱国  郦建锋  徐建强  傅菁菁  蔡鹭春  孙元敏  刘斌  张飞  郑滢  林莉  马勇  汤坤贤  李开河 《应用海洋学学报》2022,41(1):15-24

滨海植物是海岸生态系统的重要组成部分,而绝大部分滨海植物的耐盐能力与生态适应机制尚不清楚,本研究选择马鞍藤(Ipomoea pescaprae)、小刀豆(Canavalia cathartica)、全缘冬青(Ilex in?tegra)、大叶银边海桐(Pittosporum pentandrum)4种滨海典型植物,通过...  相似文献   

宁南弧形构造带甘肃大沟—内蒙古乱井中上地壳电性结构          下载免费PDF全文

闵刚  程建华尹秉喜蔡学林夏时斌 《中国地质》2014,41(5):1464-1475

利用大地电磁探测方法在宁南弧形构造带内蒙古乱井—甘肃大沟段进行了中上地壳电性结构特征研究,通过二维反演获得了研究区的电性结构模型,模型清楚揭示出了该区典型的电性结构特征:(1)中上地壳电性结构整体表现为"碎块状"的构造特征,其中走廊构造带总体表现为相对低阻,北祁连碰撞造山带总体表现为相对高阻;(2)海原地震震源区的震源断裂所反映的低阻带构造样式既不像走滑断裂那样陡峭,也不像逆冲断裂那样平缓,而是兼具走滑与逆冲断裂带的双重特征;(3)研究区壳内低阻层呈现不连续分布,总体表现为南深北浅的构造样式,一般都终止于高阻地块边缘或与逆冲推覆构造的滑脱面相交汇处;(4)清水河裂褶带内发育的高阻地块可能为晚古生代或早中生代发育在元古宙基底上的古隆起,为该区燕山期构造运动提供了深部大地电磁资料证据。  相似文献   

Geochemistry of mafic rocks and melt inclusions and their implications for the heat source of the 14.0°S hydrothermal field,South Mid-Atlantic Ridge     

Bing Li  Xuefa Shi  Yaomin Yang  Jun Ye  Jingjing Gao  Wenqin Zheng 《中国地球化学学报》2014,33(4):325-335

Fresh rocks sampled from the 14.0°S hydrothermal field of the South Atlantic Ridge can be divided into two categories： olivine-gabbro and basalt. The olivine-gabbro is composed mainly of three types of minerals： olivine, clinopyroxene and plagioclase, while a multitude of melt inclusions occur in the plagioclase phenocrysts of the basalts. We analyzed the whole-rock, major and trace elements contents of the basaks, the mineral chemistry of phenocrysts and melt inclusions in the basalts, and the mineral chemistry of olivine-clinopyroxene-plagioclase in the olivine-gabbro, then simulated magma evolution within the crust using the COMAGMAT program. The whole-rock geochemistry shows that all the basalts exhibit typical N-MORB characteristics. In addition, the mineral chemistry characteristics of the olivine-gabbro （low-Fo olivine, low-Mg# clinopyroxene, high-TiO2 clinopyroxene, low-An plagioclase）, show that strong magma differentiation occurred within the crust. Nevertheless, significant discrepancies between those minerals and phenocrysts in the basalts （high-Fo olivine, high-An plagioclase） reflect the heterogeneity of magma differentiation. High Mg# （-~0.72） melt inclusions isobaric partial crystallization simulations suggest that the magma differentiation occurred at the depth shallower than 13.03 km below the seafloor, and both the vertical differentiation column shows distinct discrepancies from that of a steady-state magma chamber. Instead, a series of independent magma intrusions probably occurred within the crust, and their corresponding crystallized bodies, as the primary high-temperature thermal anomalies within the off-axis crust, probably act as the heat source for the development of the 14.0°S hydrothermal system.  相似文献   

基于污染足迹模型的湖州市农业污染评估     

李静  焦雯珺  闵庆文  李文华  赵军凯 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2022,13(1):93-99

太湖流域的水环境质量呈现严重恶化趋势,农业污染物的排放是太湖流域水体环境恶化的主要原因之一。农业污染物主要来源于种植业、畜禽养殖业和水产养殖业的生产过程,不同于以往分开论述三者对水环境的影响,本文基于全国第一次污染普查数据,运用污染足迹模型定量分析了湖州市农业面源(种植业、畜禽养殖业和水产养殖业)对水环境的影响。研究结果表明:(1)农业生产产生的污染物对水环境的影响排序为:磷>氮>有机物;(2)各农业生产类型对水环境的影响排序为:水产养殖业>种植业>畜禽养殖业;(3)湖州市各区县对水环境的影响也存在着明显的空间差异。通过对湖州市农业污染足迹评估,可以明确地提出哪种污染物类型、农业生产类型和区域是湖州市农业面源污染治理的重点。研究结果可以为太湖流域农业的可持续发展和水资源的可持续利用提供一定的参考价值。  相似文献   

农业文化遗产地文化关键种的概念、内涵和意义     

闵庆文  杨晓  丁陆彬 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2022,13(1):51-60

包括联合国粮农组织(FAO)认定的全球重要农业文化遗产(GIAHS)和一些国家农业部认定的国家重要农业文化遗产(NIAHS)在内的农业文化遗产是一种新的遗产类型,通常具有丰富的生物多样性、多元的传统知识、独特的资源利用技术、杰出的文化景观,是一个典型的社会-生态系统。文化关键种作为塑造了一个地区的社会文化特征的重要物种,可以作为研究社会-生态系统保护与恢复力提升的一种独特视角和方法。本文通过系统梳理文化关键种概念的起源与内涵,分析了它们与生物文化多样性和社会-生态系统保护之间的关系,并结合农业文化遗产的基本特征和保护需求,尝试对农业文化遗产地文化关键种给出了定义,即"在农业文化遗产系统内,由生物资源和文化实践紧密结合,对当地社会文化的稳定性产生重要影响且能够促进农业文化遗产保护目标实现的生物文化复合体"。在此基础上,进一步分析了识别农业文化遗产文化关键种对农业文化遗产保护的主要意义:一是通过文化关键种的识别与保护有助于遗产地关键要素的识别和保护;二是利用文化关键种社区认同度高的优势可以调动社区参与遗产保护的积极性;三是以文化关键种的识别与保护为切入点,有助于更好地实现全球或国家重要农业文化遗产保护目标,即保障食物与生计安全、保护生物多样性、促进传统知识与技术体系传承以及维持景观特征等。  相似文献   

Progresses and Perspectives of the Resource Evaluation Related to Agri-cultural Heritage Tourism     

MIN Qingwen  WANG Bojie  SUN Yehong 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2022,13(4):708-719

The scientific evaluation of tourism resources is not only an important prerequisite for the development of agri-cultural heritage tourism (AHT), but it can also promote the conservation and management of Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (IAHS). With the goal of providing scientific support for the sustainable management of tourism resources, this review systematically analyzes the overall situation, research regions, developmental timeline trends, key fields and hot topics of resource evaluation research related to AHT over 2005-2020. With a comprehensive perspective that incorporates both traditional literature review and quantitative literature review, the study revealed four important aspects of AHT research. (1) Relevant articles could be divided into two phases, a development-oriented period (2005-2012) and a conservation-oriented period (2013-2020). (2) GIAHS accounts for the absolute majority (about 66.7%) of relevant studies. In particular, Longji Terraces System, Hani terraces system and Dong’s Rice-Fish-Duck System were the research hotspots IAHS, and Yunnan, Zhejiang and Guangxi were the research hotspot provinces. (3) Terraced landscapes and tea culture were the most popular themes in tourism resource evaluation, while sports tourism, tea culture tourism and study tours are becoming the new trends in IAHS sites. (4) Research methods have undergone a shift from qualitative to quantitative approaches, and a combination of these two in an interdisciplinary manner is becoming a new research trend. By reviewing and prospecting the relevant literature, this study not only makes a unique contribution to the tourism resource evaluation of IAHS, but also helps to enrich the relevant evaluation theories and further promote the sustainable development of heritage tourism from theoretical and methodological perspectives.  相似文献   

基于卷积神经网络的地铁保护区风险源识别北大核心CSCD     

闵星  黄品文  谭金祥 《测绘通报》2022,(10):162-165

城市轨道交通沿线的风险源识别是防止违规作业导致的安全事故的重要手段。为解决传统识别方法效率低、漏检率高、成本大等问题,本文基于无人机地铁保护区巡检系统,采用卷积神经网络对无人机采集的影像数据进行风险源识别。首先介绍无人机影像获取的流程,并在原始影像数据的基础上,通过数据增强的方式制作多角度、多尺度的风险源数据集;然后使用卷积神经网络建立风险源识别模型,对无人机采集影像中的风险源进行自动识别和定位。试验结果表明,多角度、多尺度风险源数据集的建立进一步提升了模型的识别准确率,且比传统方法具有效率高、成本低等优点。  相似文献   

贵阳站自动与人工观测降水量差异分析          下载免费PDF全文

吴有恒  闵昌红  吴世美  张杰  白永坤 《中低纬山地气象》2022,46(4):105-108

利用贵阳基准站2004—2020年17 a的自动翻斗雨量器、人工雨量筒、虹吸雨量计降水量资料,对3种观测方式的年、月、日降水量偏差程度及自动与虹吸自记观测小时降水量差值进行分析。结果表明：自动比人工、虹吸自记观测降水量偏大,偏差集中在±5%以内,人工与虹吸自记观测降水量偏差最小。日降水量≤10 mm的天数占总降水日数的75.2%,其中自动与人工雨量观测偏差超常的天数占6.8%;剩余日降水量＞10 mm的天数中自动与人工雨量观测偏差超常的天数占26.6%。自动与虹吸自记观测小时降水量偏差超常时的差值绝对值与小时降水量呈高度正相关。  相似文献   

Simulating the influence of various nutrient sources on hypoxia off the Changjiang River Estuary     

Jingjing Zheng  Shan Gao  Guimei Liu  Yun Li  Zhijie Li  Xueming Zhu 《海洋学报(英文版)》2022,41(11):58-72

Hypoxia is increasingly reported off the Changjiang River Estuary with the confluence of multiple high volume nutrient sources. The Regional Ocean Modeling System coupled with a biological model was used to analyze the effect of different nutrient sources on the development of hypoxia off the Changjiang River Estuary. By comparing to observed data, our model suitably captured the regional dynamics of chlorophyll a, dissolved oxygen, and nutrient concentration. A series of sensitivity experiments were conducted to investigate the hypoxia response to the various nutrient sources, such as loading from the Changjiang River, Kuroshio and Taiwan Warm Current. Our model results indicated that nutrients from different sources significantly influenced the hypoxia off the Changjiang River Estuary, and it was mostly affected by nutrients sourced from the Kuroshio. The nutrients input from the Changjiang River had larger impacts on the hypoxia in the north of 30°N than that in the south of 30°N. The nutrients sourced from the Taiwan Strait had a least influence on the hypoxia off the Changjiang River Estuary.  相似文献   

半封闭海域生态修复策略研究——以渤海为例          下载免费PDF全文

张少春  宋静静  刘凯凯  于道德  李友训  马健  李彬  王先磊 《海洋开发与管理》2022,39(9):3-10

渤海作为我国唯一的半封闭型海域,是京津冀城市群蓬勃发展的战略支撑和关键依托,其生态环境的稳定与沿岸人类福祉息息相关,其生态环境修复是近年来该领域的研究热点。文章重点围绕全球气候变化和人类活动对渤海生态环境的影响进行了剖析,通过综合对比分析国内外其他类似水域或地区的生态修复既有成果,立足渤海水域特点和现状,提出动态思维与整体保护原则、生境连通性修复原则、不同时空尺度修复原则等生态修复原则,并指出渤海生态修复需理性规划渔业经济活动,统筹考虑渤海生态与冲淡水之间的关系,建议运用前瞻性的思维模式和理念,合理预测、规划、定位、配置、实施和维护渤海生态系统的稳定,重点探索应对全球气候变化的最佳适应性管理策略。  相似文献